1. Add Weatherstripping

    Replace worn-out weatherstripping. Pay close attention to seals on doors that get a lot of use, such as those on the front of the house or between the house and attached garage.

    2. Improve Windows

    If you're not ready to spring for new windows, fix up the ones you have by replacing latches that don't grip tightly, adding weatherstripping or making repairs to storm windows that are stuck open. You can even build simple wood-and-glass interior or exterior storm windows. Installing a storm window on the inside or outside of an old-fashioned single-glazed window doubles its R value (to 2 or slightly better, about equivalent to an entry-level insulated glass window).

    3. Tune Up Boilers and Furnaces

    Oil-fired boilers and furnaces need a yearly cleaning and tuneup. Gas-fired furnaces and boilers can go longer without it, but if you haven't had a gas appliance tuned up in two or more years, schedule this as soon as possible.

    4. Deal with Air Conditioners

    There is no effective way to insulate a window air conditioner. Remove it. Install an insulated cover on through-the-wall air conditioners. Consider replacing these appliances and stepping up to central air if your budget allows it.

    5. Patrol for Heat Leaks

    Take some time on a bright Saturday morning and have a look around the house, especially in dark crawlspaces, attics and any rooms above a garage. Use spray foam to seal gaps where you see daylight entering. Likewise seal around gaps where pipes and wires enter the attic from the floor below.

    6. Insulate Drop-Down Stairs

    Buy a polystyrene hood to fit over the opening for the drop-down stairs that lead to the attic. You can also build one yourself using polystyrene panels and construction adhesive.

    7. Cover Fireplaces

    A fireplace is nothing more than a direct hole to the outside. If the fireplace is unused, close the damper and install a removable panel built of drywall glued to a piece of polystyrene insulation. Install air-tight glass doors in a metal frame over working fireplaces.

    1. 增加挡风雨条

    更换破旧的挡风雨条。密切注意经常使用的门的密封，例如房屋的前门或者房屋和连接的车库之间的门。 

    2. 改进窗户 

    如果你还没有准备立新的窗户，就可以通过更换那些不能扣紧的锁栓、增加挡风雨条、或者修理那些被卡住而关不严的防风窗，来修复现有的窗户。你甚至可以做出简单的木材和玻璃的内防风窗或者外防风窗。将它们安到镶单层玻璃的老式窗户的内面或者外面，来增加窗户的 R 值（可以达到 2 或者略好一些，大约相当于门户级的中空玻璃窗户）。 

    3. 调整锅炉和炉子

    燃油的锅炉和炉子需要每年清洗和调整。燃气的炉子和锅炉可以延长一些，但是，如果你在两年或两年以上没有对燃具进行过调整，则要尽快对此作出安排。 

    4. 处理空调 

    没有有效的方法去隔绝窗口空调器。将它拆除。在穿墙空调器上安装保温盖。如果你的预算允许的话，考虑更换这些设备并上升到中央空调。 

    5. 巡查热泄漏的地方 

    在晴朗的周六早上花一些时间，查看一下房子的周围，尤其是在黑暗的爬行通道、阁楼和车库上面的房间处。使用喷涂成型的泡沫来密封你看到光线进入的隙缝。同样密封水管和电线从地板下面进入阁楼处的周围空隙。 

    6. 隔绝下拉式楼梯 

    买一个聚苯乙烯罩，扣到通向阁楼的下拉式楼梯的开口上面。你也可以用聚苯乙烯板和建筑胶粘剂自己做一个。 

    7. 盖住壁炉 

    壁炉完全是一个直接通向外界的洞口。如果壁炉闲置，则将风阀关闭，并安装一块可拆卸的面板，内置粘到聚苯乙烯保温片上的墙板。对于工作的壁炉，则在它上面的金属框架中安装不透空气的玻璃门。