ISO9000²»ÊÇÖ¸Ò»¸ö±ê×¼£¬¶øÊÇÒ»×å±ê×¼µÄͳ³Æ¡£“ISO9000×å±ê×¼”Ö¸ÓÉISO/TC176ÖÆ¶¨µÄËùÓйú¼Ê±ê×¼¡£Ê²Ã´½ÐTC176ÄØ£¿TC176¼´ISOÖеÚ176¸ö¼¼ÊõίԱ»á£¬È«³ÆÊÇ“ÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤¼¼ÊõίԱ»á”£¬1987Äê¸üÃûΪ“ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíºÍÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤¼¼ÊõίԱ»á”¡£TC176רߺÔðÖÆ¶¨ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíºÍÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤¼¼ÊõµÄ±ê×¼¡£ISO/TC176ÔçÔÚ1990ÄêµÚ¾Å½ìÄê»áÉÏÌá³öµÄ¡¶90Äê´ú¹ú¼ÊÖÊÁ¿±ê×¼µÄʵʩ²ßÂÔ¡·ÖУ¬¼´È·¶¨ÁËÒ»¸öºêΰµÄÄ¿±ê£º“ÒªÈÃÈ«ÊÀ½ç¶¼½ÓÊܺÍʹÓÃISO9000×å±ê×¼£¬ÎªÌá¸ß×éÖ¯µÄÔË×÷ÄÜÁ¦ÌṩÓÐЧµÄ·½·¨£»Ôö½ø¹ú¼ÊóÒ×£¬´Ù½øÈ«ÇòµÄ·±Èٺͷ¢Õ¹£»Ê¹Èκλú¹¹ºÍ¸öÈË£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÐÐÅÐÄ´ÓÊÀ½ç¸÷µØµÃµ½ÈÎºÎÆÚÍûµÄ²úÆ·£¬ÒÔ¼°½«×Ô¼ºµÄ²úƷ˳ÀûÏúÍùÊÀ½ç¸÷µØ¡£”
Ϊ´Ë£¬ISO/TC176¾ö¶¨°´ÉÏÊöÄ¿±ê£¬¶Ô1987°æµÄISO9000×å±ê×¼·ÖÁ½¸ö½×¶Î½øÐÐÐ޸ģºµÚÒ»½×¶ÎÔÚ1994ÄêÍê³É£¬µÚ¶þ½×¶ÎÔÚ2000ÄêÍê³É¡£1994°æISO9000±ê×¼Òѱ»²ÉÓöàÄ꣬ÆäÖÐÈçÏÂÈý¸öÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤±ê׼֮һͨ³£±»ÓÃÀ´×÷ΪÍⲿÈÏÖ¤Ö®Ó㺠1. ISO9001£º1994¡¶ÖÊÁ¿Ìåϵ Éè¼Æ¡¢¿ª·¢¡¢Éú²ú¡¢°²×°ºÍ·þÎñµÄÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤Ä£Ê½¡·£¬ÓÃÓÚ×ÔÉí¾ßÓвúÆ·¿ª·¢¡¢Éè¼Æ¹¦ÄܵÄ×éÖ¯£» 2. ISO9002£º1994¡¶ÖÊÁ¿Ìåϵ Éú²ú¡¢°²×°ºÍ·þÎñµÄÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤Ä£Ê½¡·£¬ÓÃÓÚ×ÔÉí²»¾ßÓвúÆ·¿ª·¢¡¢Éè¼Æ¹¦ÄܵÄ×éÖ¯£» 3.ISO9003£º1994¡¶ÖÊÁ¿Ìåϵ×îÖÕ¼ìÑéºÍÊÔÑéµÄÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤Ä£Ê½¡·£¬ÓÃÓÚ¶ÔÖÊÁ¿±£Ö¤ÄÜÁ¦ÒªÇóÏà¶Ô½ÏµÍµÄ×éÖ¯¡£
×¢£ºISO9001£º1994±ê×¼½«ÖÊÁ¿Ìåϵ»®·ÖΪ20¸öÒªËØ£¨¼´±ê×¼ÖеēÖÊÁ¿ÌåϵҪÇ󔣩À´½øÐÐÃèÊö£¬ISO9002±ê×¼±ÈISO9001±ê×¼ÉÙÒ»¸ö“Éè¼Æ¿ØÖÆ”ÒªËØ¡£2000Äê12ÔÂ15ÈÕ£¬2000°æµÄISO9000×å±ê×¼Õýʽ·¢²¼ÊµÊ©£¬2000°æISO9000×å¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼µÄºËÐıê×¼¹²ÓÐËĸö£º1¡¢ISO9000£º2000 ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ——»ù´¡ºÍÊõÓ 2¡¢ISO9001£º2000 ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ——ÒªÇó£» 3¡¢ISO9004£º2000 ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ——Òµ¼¨¸Ä½øÖ¸ÄÏ£» 4¡¢ISO19011£º2000ÖÊÁ¿ºÍ»·¾³¹ÜÀíÌåϵÉóºËÖ¸ÄÏ¡£
ÉÏÊö±ê×¼ÖеÄISO9001£º2000¡¶ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ—ÒªÇó¡·Í¨³£ÓÃÓÚÆóÒµ½¨Á¢ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ²¢ÉêÇëÈÏÖ¤Ö®Óá£ËüÖ÷Ҫͨ¹ý¶ÔÉêÇëÈÏÖ¤×éÖ¯µÄÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵÌá³ö¸÷ÏîÒªÇóÀ´¹æ·¶×éÖ¯µÄÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ¡£Ö÷Òª·ÖΪÎå´óÄ£¿éµÄÒªÇó£¬ÕâÎå´óÄ£¿é·Ö±ðÊÇ£ºÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíÌåϵ¡¢¹ÜÀíÖ°Ôð¡¢×ÊÔ´¹ÜÀí¡¢²úƷʵÏÖ¡¢²âÁ¿·ÖÎöºÍ¸Ä½ø¡£ÆäÖÐÿ¸öÄ£¿éÖÐÓÖ·ÖÓÐÐí¶à·ÖÌõ¿î¡£
Ëæ×Å2000°æ±ê×¼µÄ°ä²¼£¬ÊÀ½ç¸÷¹úµÄÆóÒµ·×·×¿ªÊ¼²ÉÓÃаæµÄISO9001£º2000±ê×¼ÉêÇëÈÏÖ¤¡£¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼»¯×éÖ¯¹ÄÀø¸÷Ðи÷ÒµµÄ×éÖ¯²ÉÓÃISO9001£º2000±ê×¼À´¹æ·¶×éÖ¯µÄÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀí£¬²¢Í¨¹ýÍⲿÈÏÖ¤À´´ïµ½ÔöÇ¿¿Í»§ÐÅÐĺͼõÉÙóÒ×±ÚÀݵÄ×÷Óá£
ʲôÊÇISO? ISOÊǹú¼Ê±ê×¼»¯×éÖ¯£¨International Organization for Standardization£©µÄ¼ò³Æ£¬ÊÇÒ»¸öÈ«ÇòÐԵķÇÕþ¸®×éÖ¯£¬Êǹú¼Ê±ê×¼»¯ÁìÓòÖÐÒ»¸öÊ®·ÖÖØÒªµÄ×éÖ¯¡£
¡¡¡¡Æä³ÉÔ±ÓÉÀ´×ÔÊÀ½çÉÏ100¶à¸ö¹ú¼ÒµÄ¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼»¯ÍÅÌå×é³É£¬´ú±íÖйú²Î¼ÓISOµÄ¹ú¼Ò»ú¹¹ÊÇÖйú¹ú¼Ò¼¼Êõ¼à¶½¾Ö£¨CSBTS£©¡£ISOÓë¹ú¼Êµç¹¤Î¯Ô±»á£¨IEC£©ÓÐÃÜÇеÄÁªÏµ£¬Öйú²Î¼ÓIECµÄ¹ú¼Ò»ú¹¹Ò²Êǹú¼Ò¼¼Êõ¼à¶½¾Ö¡£ISOºÍIEC×÷Ϊһ¸öÕûÌåµ£¸º×ÅÖÆ¶©È«ÇòÐÉÌÒ»ÖµĹú¼Ê±ê×¼µÄÈÎÎñ£¬ISOºÍIEC¶¼ÊÇ·ÇÕþ¸®»ú¹¹£¬ËüÃÇÖÆ¶©µÄ±ê׼ʵÖÊÉÏÊÇ×ÔÔ¸ÐԵģ¬Õâ¾ÍÒâζ×ÅÕâЩ±ê×¼±ØÐëÊÇÓÅÐãµÄ±ê×¼£¬ËüÃÇ»á¸ø¹¤ÒµºÍ·þÎñÒµ´øÀ´ÊÕÒæ£¬ËùÒÔËûÃÇ×Ô¾õʹÓÃÕâЩ±ê×¼¡£ISOºÍIEC²»ÊÇÁªºÏ¹ú»ú¹¹£¬µ«ËûÃÇÓëÁªºÏ¹úµÄÐí¶àרÃÅ»ú¹¹±£³Ö¼¼ÊõÁªÂç¹ØÏµ¡£
¡¡¡¡ISOºÍIECÓÐÔ¼1000¸öרҵ¼¼ÊõίԱ»áºÍ·ÖίԱ»á£¬¸÷Ô±¹úÒÔ¹ú¼ÒΪµ¥Î»²Î¼ÓÕâЩ¼¼ÊõίԱ»áºÍ·ÖίԱ»áµÄ»î¶¯¡£ISOºÍEC»¹ÓÐÔ¼3000¸ö¹¤×÷×飬ISO¡¢IECÿÄêÖÆ¶©ºÍÐÞ¶©1000¸ö¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼¡£±ê×¼µÄÄÚÈÝÉæ¼°¹ã·º£¬´Ó»ù´¡µÄ½ô¹Ì¼þ¡¢Öá³Ð¸÷ÖÖÔ²ÄÁϵ½°ë³ÉÆ·ºÍ³ÉÆ·£¬Æä¼¼ÊõÁìÓòÉæ¼°ÐÅÏ¢¼¼Êõ¡¢½»Í¨ÔËÊ䡢ũҵ¡¢±£½¡ºÍ»·¾³µÈ¡£Ã¿¸ö¹¤×÷»ú¹¹¶¼ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄ¹¤×÷¼Æ»®£¬¸Ã¼Æ»®ÁгöÐèÒªÖÆ¶©µÄ±ê×¼ÏîÄ¿£¨ÊÔÑé·½·¨¡¢ÊõÓï¡¢¹æ¸ñ¡¢ÐÔÄÜÒªÇóµÈ£©¡£
¡¡¡¡ISOµÄÖ÷Òª¹¦ÄÜÊÇΪÈËÃÇÖÆ¶©¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼´ï³ÉÒ»ÖÂÒâ¼ûÌṩһÖÖ»úÖÆ¡£ÆäÖ÷Òª»ú¹¹¼°ÔË×÷¹æÔò¶¼ÔÚÒ»±¾ÃûΪISO/IEC¼¼Êõ¹¤×÷µ¼ÔòµÄÎļþÓèÒԹ涨£¬Æä¼¼Êõ½á¹¹ÔÚISOÊÇÓÐ800¸ö¼¼ÊõίԱ»áºÍ·ÖίԱ»á£¬ËüÃǸ÷ÓÐÒ»¸öÖ÷ϯºÍÒ»¸öÃØÊé´¦£¬ÃØÊé´¦ÊÇÓɸ÷³ÉÔ±¹ú·Ö±ðµ£ÈΣ¬Ä¿Ç°³Ðµ£ÃØÊé¹ú¹¤×÷µÄ³ÉÔ±ÍÅÌåÓÐ30¸ö£¬¸÷ÃØÊé´¦ÓëλÓÚÈÕÄÚÍßµÄISOÖÐÑëÃØÊé´¦±£³ÖÖ±½ÓÁªÏµ¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¨¹ýÕâЩ¹¤×÷»ú¹¹£¬ISOÒѾ·¢²¼ÁË9200¸ö¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼£¬ÈçISO¹«ÖÆÂÝÎÆ¡¢ISOµÄA4Ö½Õųߴ硢ISOµÄ¼¯×°ÏäϵÁУ¨Ä¿Ç°ÊÀ½çÉÏ95%µÄº£Ô˼¯×°Ïä¶¼·ûºÏISO±ê×¼£©¡¢ISOµÄ½ºÆ¬ËÙ¶È´úÂë¡¢ISOµÄ¿ª·Åϵͳ»¥Áª£¨OS2£© ϵÁУ¨¹ã·ºÓÃÓÚÐÅÏ¢¼¼ÊõÁìÓò£©ºÍÓÐÃûµÄISO9000ÖÊÁ¿¹ÜÀíϵÁбê×¼¡£
¡¡¡¡´ËÍ⣬ISO»¹Óë450¸ö¹ú¼ÊºÍÇøÓòµÄ×éÖ¯ÔÚ±ê×¼·½ÃæÓÐÁªÂç¹ØÏµ£¬ÌرðÓë¹ú¼ÊµçÐÅÁªÃË£¨ITU£©ÓÐÃÜÇÐÁªÏµ¡£ÔÚISO/IECϵͳ֮ÍâµÄ¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼»ú¹¹¹²ÓÐ28¸ö¡£Ã¿¸ö»ú¹¹¶¼ÔÚijһÁìÓòÖÆ¶©Ò»Ð©¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼£¬Í¨³£ËüÃÇÔÚÁªºÏ¹ú¿ØÖÆÖ®Ï¡£Ò»¸öµäÐ͵ÄÀý×Ó¾ÍÊÇÊÀ½çÎÀÉú×éÖ¯£¨WHO£©¡£ISO/IEC ÖÆ¶©µÄ85%µÄ¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼£¬Ê£ÏµÄ15%ÓÉÕâ28¸öÆäËû¹ú¼Ê±ê×¼»ú¹¹Öƶ©¡£